// PODCAST

How VCs Back Early-Stage Startups: Lessons From Four Startups | Mohammed Amaan, Ankur Capital

Mohammed Amaan of Ankur Capital walks through the cold-start problems he saw at Myra Medicines, Daily Rounds and Unacademy, then explains how early-stage VCs choose founders and what they look for at pre-seed.
Mohammed Amaan, Ankur Capital on The Builders Club Startup Founders Podcast
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Every startup stage breaks in a different place. Mohammed Amaan has watched it happen up close at a hyperlocal e-pharmacy, a doctor-focused edtech app and Unacademy, before moving to the investing side at Ankur Capital.

In this Builders Club conversation he shares how each company solved its cold-start problem, and what his team looks for when deciding how VCs back startups at pre-seed.

How do VCs decide which early-stage startups to back? Mohammed Amaan’s view

Amaan’s answer is that an early-stage investment is a bet on people and strategy more than on numbers. At pre-seed there is no revenue to judge, so his team looks at the founders, their vision, their go-to-market plan and what makes the company different.

His operating experience shapes that view. He saw the same pattern at three startups: a good product still has to solve a cold-start problem, and the approach that works depends on who the customer is.

  • Team first. Founders, vision, go-to-market and differentiator are the four things Ankur Capital looks at.
  • Experience beats pedigree. Demonstrated work in the industry matters more than a famous degree.
  • Cold start is solvable. Each startup he worked at cracked it with a tactic fitted to its customer.
  • Fit the mandate. Pitching a fund outside its focus rarely goes anywhere.

What did Mohammed Amaan learn from working at startups of different sizes?

Amaan got hooked on startups through his college entrepreneurship cell and a stint in investment banking that convinced him he wanted to build, not advise. He then worked at Myra Medicines, Daily Rounds and Unacademy, which he describes as moving from zero-to-one to a much later stage of growth.

The common thread was that problems repeat in form but not in how you solve them. A great idea still has to reach its first customers.

  • Myra Medicines: a hyperlocal e-pharmacy promising delivery in about 90 minutes.
  • Daily Rounds: a community and then an exam-prep product for doctors.
  • Unacademy: a later-stage team that needed to build a new test-prep category.

How did Myra Medicines get customers to move from phone orders to the app?

Myra’s core buyers were older customers managing chronic conditions, who were more comfortable ordering by phone than through an app. The team did not fight that habit head-on.

Instead it priced the behaviour it wanted. A phone order earned a discount, while an app order earned a bigger one, nudging people gradually toward the app.

How did Daily Rounds solve the cold-start problem for medical students?

The product competed with legacy weekend coaching that students travelled to attend. Students depend on their parents for money, and parents trusted the existing institutions.

The team found the top students in each college and gave them free subscriptions. When those toppers did well in the exam, they recommended the app to juniors, who listen to seniors more than anyone.

Because it was a software product, the team could also improve it every month based on student feedback.

What problems did Unacademy face when starting a new category?

Unacademy had a strong brand, but a new category still had to prove itself against an incumbent. Budgets came in stages tied to milestones, and educators sometimes assumed the company could pay anything.

Amaan says roughly twenty-five approaches were tried and seven or eight worked.

What worked

Letting students pick different teachers for different chapters, introducing batches, and combining a competitor’s product after an acquisition all helped the team reach the top few in its category.

  • Multiple educators per subject.
  • Batch-based learning.
  • Educator development over time.

What do early-stage VCs look at when evaluating a founder?

Amaan says degrees are only a positive signal. What matters more is whether the founder has worked on the problem for years and shows demonstrated experience, which gives a venture capital investor confidence they can execute.

He values breadth of visibility too. A chief of staff with a year and a half of exposure across the business may understand the industry better than someone stuck in one narrow function for three years.

  1. Market size large enough to support a big exit.
  2. Relevant experience or a real personal connection to the problem.
  3. A clear plan for the next six to twelve months.
  4. A founding team with a track record of working together and sensible equity splits.

How should co-founders split equity, according to a VC?

Amaan warns against giving a co-founder a very small stake. His rule of thumb was that a co-founder holding under about 20 percent risks losing motivation, and investors may not treat them as a true co-founder.

He also notes that most Indian founders are first-timers, so investors lean on prior work history and honest self-assessment to judge what help the team needs.

Is there too much money chasing too few startups in India?

Amaan disagrees. He points to strong exits, global investors turning to India and senior operators from earlier startups starting their own companies. More capital and more founders are arriving together.

He adds that getting funded has become more founder-friendly, and that later-stage funds now invest earlier.

Further reading and sources

Frequently asked questions

What do VCs look for in a pre-seed startup?

According to Mohammed Amaan, there is no revenue at pre-seed, so investors weigh the team, vision, go-to-market plan and differentiator. They also check market size and whether the founder has demonstrated experience in the industry.

Does a founder need an elite degree to raise venture capital?

Not necessarily. Amaan says a strong degree is a positive signal, but real industry experience and a deep understanding of the problem count for more at his fund.

How do I pitch investors who fit my startup?

Check each fund’s mandate before reaching out, since a good business outside a fund’s focus will usually be referred elsewhere. Amaan also described a pitch event where early-stage startups can present to several funds in one place.

Conclusion

Amaan’s stories show that the cold-start problem has no single fix. Pricing nudges, seeded power users and multiple-teacher models each worked because they fitted the customer.

If you are raising soon, focus on your founding team, your go-to-market plan and your industry depth, and approach funds whose mandate matches your startup.

Want more conversations like this? Join The Builders Club, our community of 35,000+ founders and CXOs, and explore more episodes of the Startup Founders Podcast.

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Why the Self-Serve PLG Playbook Fails with Indian Enterprise CXOs (And the High-Touch Assisted Model That Actually Wins)

Self-serve PLG works when the user is also the buyer. In Indian enterprises, they almost never are. A product-led funnel can get your tool into a team’s hands, but it rarely gets a CXO to sign. The model that wins is a high-touch, assisted motion that uses product usage as proof, not as the whole sales strategy. Here is why the standard playbook stalls in India’s large organisations, and what to run instead. Why does the self-serve PLG playbook fail with Indian enterprise CXOs? Product-led growth, as described by pioneers such as OpenView, assumes that users discover, try and adopt the product themselves, and that revenue follows usage. That assumption holds for tools with low risk, low price and individual buyers. Enterprise buying in India breaks all three conditions at once. The user is not the buyer. An analyst may love your tool. The budget sits with a CIO, CFO or business head who has never opened it. Risk is organisational. A CXO signs against security, vendor-continuity and reputational risk, none of which a free trial answers. Trust is personal. Decisions often move on credibility, references and conversations with someone they respect, not on a sign-up flow. Does a free trial or freemium plan ever work in Indian enterprises? It can work for teams, departments and SMB-sized units, where one manager has a card or small discretionary budget. It rarely scales to the top accounts without a human who turns usage into a business case. What does the high-touch assisted model actually look like? Assisted does not mean old-fashioned. It means every stage of the product experience is paired with a person who removes a specific obstacle. Stage Pure self-serve PLG Assisted model for Indian enterprises Discovery Organic search, product trial Warm introduction, peer room, referral Evaluation Self-guided trial Guided pilot with named success criteria Decision User upgrades with a card Business case built for the CXO and the committee Contracting Click-through terms Negotiated MSA, security review, procurement Expansion In-app prompts Account lead plans rollout across divisions How do you turn product usage into a signed enterprise contract? Use the product as the evidence, and a person as the translator. A practical sequence: Find your champion. Identify the user who gets the most value and ask them to explain the problem in their own words. Quantify the result. Convert usage into time saved, errors avoided or revenue influenced, in a one-page summary the CXO can read in two minutes. Map the buying committee. Ask your champion who else must say yes: IT, security, finance, legal, and the business owner. Run an executive conversation. A founder or senior lead speaks to the CXO about outcomes and risk, not features. Offer a scoped commitment. A defined pilot or first-division rollout with clear exit and expansion terms reduces perceived risk. When should you still invest in self-serve? Do not abandon it. Use self-serve as the top of the funnel and as a signal engine. Track which accounts have several active users, which teams invite colleagues, and which admins explore security settings. Those are the accounts your sales team should call first. Think of it as product-qualified leads feeding a human-led close. Many global companies now run exactly this hybrid, and it fits Indian enterprise buying better than a pure self-serve approach. FAQ Is PLG dead for B2B SaaS in India? No. PLG is useful for building awareness, usage data and champions inside accounts. It fails as the only motion for large enterprises, where committees, security reviews and relationships decide the contract. A hybrid model works better. What is a product-qualified lead (PQL)? A PQL is an account or user whose in-product behaviour suggests buying intent, such as multiple active teammates or admin-level exploration. Sales teams use PQLs to prioritise who to approach with a human conversation. How many people does an assisted enterprise sale need? It depends on deal size, but you typically need one senior owner for the relationship, one technical resource for security and integration questions, and a customer success lead after signing. Founders often cover the first two roles in early deals. Conclusion PLG gets you into the room, but it does not get a CXO to sign. In Indian enterprises, winning sales pair product evidence with human trust: a champion, a business case, a guided pilot and a senior conversation. Building an assisted enterprise motion? Meet founders and CXOs who have done it at The Builders Club, and bring your toughest sales question to our next roundtable. Join The Builders Club. About the author: Sohail Khan is Founder and Director of The Builders Club, a professional community of 35,000+ founders and CXOs across India, UAE, Singapore and the US.

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